Tuesday, August 10, 2010

The Evolution of Mathematics, and the Recreation of Universe…..

Year 35000 B.C.! It had has been Four hundred thousands of years as we, The Human Race, were troubling for our mere existence at present and to expel into better future. Whilst the troubles, over millenniums, we adored the science of creation and enjoyed the arts of creative. But the darkness of ignorance yet remained surrounding us; hiding the Lunisolar Expressions, baffling the Salt Bartering. "Ignorance is Dysphoric". We understood something, but unlabeled to express that: How many? How much? We were let on hunting the Root; At last found the key, The Numbers, more exactly symbolic show-off of numbers, to communicate ourselves and with the nature.


At the unmanned caves in the heart of dense forests and at depths beyond the depth of Deep Ocean..


Yikes! Here! Baboon’s fibula! It is scratched, evenly. Indeed, as of counting some crucial events. Crucial Events! Weather circumstances? Lunar activities? Women’s menstrual cycle? - Whatever may be! But this shows how primitive men, while 37,000 years ago, kept tracking to manage their threats. Over here! Finely grained stone beads! This might be the record that kept the counts of their pet mates. Count of women mates? Hah! Ha! May be! But for sure – Counts of Catties. So, primitive men were good at numerals! Scientific studies shows that even animals too have the ability to comprehend the numerals, at least one & two. As there were group fights with their competitors, they always care about enemy’s strength in numbers. No wonder that the primitive men know to count. The matter is how they symbolized and then systematized the numbers.


Most of us were known to count up to two, but few were up to four or five. From the two base system, having numerals only one & two were named and symbolized, we developed into twenty base system (Mayas) and even up to sixty base system (Babylon), as the dawn of Christianity were only a millennium ahead. We were not contented with the invention of system of numbers as we are not contented with trading alone. We enthusiastically worked at arithmetic as an application towards banking. We learned to calculate interests, comprehend the concept of division or fraction, as reciprocals. We delighted with our trading as along with goods we also traded cultural customs and official systems of each other’s, for free. Men from Egypt, Greek, Arab, India, and China were all came into hand-in-hand, to do magic with numbers. They were Mathematicians. What they dealt with numbers was Mathematics. Yet something left us worried for centuries together, which was “Nothing” or The Zero. Some convinced and prepared to conceive, but some questioned “How can nothing be something?” At last we saw the light, arising from east that brought us "Sunya" The Zero and "Sthanam Sthanam Dasa Gunam" or The Decimal Place Value System.


Does anybody know 2,700,000,000,001th decimal value of Pi (π)? Does anybody know 1,000,000,000,001th decimal value of √2? Does anybody know 500,000,000,001th decimal value of e (exponential constant)? Not Now! But we know all the preceding digits. Beginning form the mid of Eighteenth century, with the Economic Renaissance, Globalization of trading, and Advancement of technology, all these computations of billions and billions of digits are in accelerating pace. This shows the potential of Mathematics, what it could do to Human Race. Newtonian Calculus is in the application from Municipal’s water supply systems to state’s satellite monitoring systems. Computers of kind at National establishments are available for individual entertainment. Evolutional Biology, Extreme Weather, Enhanced Economy has nothing to frighten us. After Albert Einstein, Erwin Schrodinger, Modern mathematics is engaged at modeling the Universe. Only thing left to us is to end the Evolution of Mathematics at the Recreation of Universe.


Brain Foods:

  • The oldest known mathematical object is the Lebombo bone, discovered in the Lebombo Mountains of Swaziland and dated to approximately 35,000 BC. It consists of 29 distinct notches deliberately cut into a baboon's fibula. There is evidence that women used counting to keep track of their menstrual cycles; 28 to 30 scratches on bone or stone, followed by a distinctive marker.
  • As of evidences available, the history of trading by Salt Bartering begins around 6000 B.C. But, here author assumes it must be much earlier or at least the trading itself, as evidence of social habitat of human backs to 70000 B.C.
  • To marginalize the thoughts of the school of Mozi and for the survival of the thoughts of Confucius. In 212 BC, the Emperor Qin Shi Huang (Shi Huang-ti) commanded all books in the Qin Empire other than officially sanctioned ones be burned. As a consequence of this order little is known about ancient Chinese mathematics before this date.
  • It was the Pythagoreans who coined the term "mathematics", and with whom the study of mathematics for its own sake begins.
  • In the 5th century AD , Indian mathematician and astronomer Aryabhata stated in his book "Aryabhatiya" that the idea of "Sthanam sthanam dasa gunam" or place to place in ten times in value, which is the origin of the modern decimal-based place value notation.
  • In the 7th century, Brahmagupta, Indian mathematician, in his Brahma-sphuta-siddhanta, he lucidly explained the use of zero as both a placeholder and decimal digit, and explained the Hindu-Arabic numeral system.
  • A Tally Stick was an ancient memory aid device to record and document numbers, quantities, or even messages.

<--- Split Tally: A tool of the Exchequer for the collection of taxes by local sheriffs (tax farmers “farming the shire”) in medieval England. The split tally of the Exchequer was in continuous use until 1826.


  • As the quest for new science blows up, Mathematics has to be accommodative, After Albert Einstein mostly idle “Differential Geometry” techniques, along with new “Spacetime Topology” techniques, is made to use in his gravitational theory.

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